The present indefinite tense or the simple present tense refers to an action that is happening in the current time, when the exact time of the action is not known or not important. It is also used for the actions of daily routine or for the things we do regularly. The tense can also define the universal truth. It uses the first form of the verb with the addition of s/es for the third person.
فعل حال مطلق
جن جملوں کے آخر میں “تاہے” “تے ہیں” “تو ہے” “تی ہیں” وغیرہ لفظ آتے ہیں وہ جملےفعل حال مطلق کے جملے کہے جاتے ہیں۔ یہ زمانہ غیر متعین ہوتا ہے۔ اس میں قدرت ، عادت ،سدا سچ بھی ظاہر ہوتا ہے۔
Examples:
Current Actions
| I write an application. | میں ایک درخواست لکھتا ہوں۔ |
| He does not abuse. | وہ گالی نہیں دیتا۔ |
| Do you smoke? | آپ تمباکو نوشی کرتے ہیں؟ |
Regular/Routine work
| School starts at 9 am. | سکول صبح 9 بجے شروع ہوتا ہے۔ |
| Ayesha writes diary everyday. | عائشہ روز ڈائری لکھتی ہے۔ |
Universal Truth
| Allah is the Greatest. | اللہ سب سے بڑا ہے. |
| Man is mortal. | انسان فانی ہے۔ |
| Cow eats grass. | گائے گھاس کھاتی ہے۔ |
Present Indefinite Tense Form of Verb
The tense use the first form of the verb also called the base form of the verb. It is easy to use the form of the verb in these sentences in the first and second person. For the third person, we need to add (s) or (es) at the end of the verb. Here the question arises where to put (s) and where to put (es)?
The addition of (s) and (es) depends on the verb. If the verb ends on o, z, ch, sh, th, ss, or gh we will be adding (es) at the end of the verb else (s) will be added.
Present indefinite tense in Urdu with examples
here are some samples
Simple Present Tense – Affirmative Sentences
When we use affirmative sentences we do not need auxiliary verbs (do/does) because the main verb has the complete meaning on its own.
Structure:
Subject + Verb (1st form) + Object.
Examples:
First Person
| I wait for him. | میں اس کا انتظار کرتا ہوں۔ |
| We play cricket at night. | ہم رات کو کرکٹ کھیلتے ہیں۔ |
Second Person
| You hear the music. | آپ موسیقی سنتے ہیں۔ |
| You go to the beach every summer. | آپ ہر موسم گرما میں ساحل سمندر پر جاتے ہیں۔ |
Third Person
| She knows about him. | وہ اس کے بارے میں جانتی ہے۔ |
| Ahmad goes to the school by bus. | احمد بس سے سکول جاتا ہے۔ |
| It rains daily. | روزانہ بارش ہوتی ہے۔ |
Present Simple Tense – Negative Sentences
If you are making a negative sentence than you will need an auxiliary verb like (do) or (does).
Structure:
Subject + Do not / Does not + verb (1st form) + object.
Examples:
First Person
| I do not wait for him. | میں اس کا انتظار نہیں کرتا۔ |
| We do not play cricket at night. | ہم رات کو کرکٹ نہیں کھیلتے۔ |
Second Person
| You do not hear the music. | تم موسیقی نہیں سنتے۔ |
| You do not go to the beach every summer. | آپ ہر موسم گرما میں ساحل سمندر پر نہیں جاتے ہیں۔ |
Third Person
| She does not know about him. | وہ اس کے بارے میں نہیں جانتی۔ |
| Ahmad does not go to the school by bus. | احمد بس سے سکول نہیں جاتا۔ |
| It does not rain daily. | روزانہ بارش نہیں ہوتی۔ |
Sometimes we can not make negative sentences by just adding an auxiliary verb not like “He doesn’t ever go to work by car”. This sentence sounds wrong so we would use the frequency verb instead. The correct version will become “He never goes to work by car”.
Questioning in Simple Present – Interrogative Sentences
To form interrogative present indefinite tense, we use Do/Does at the beginning of the sentence for singular subjects and Don’t/doesn’t for plural subjects.
Structure:
Do / Does + Subject + Verb (1st form) + Object
Examples:
First Person
| Do I wait for him? | کیا میں اس کا انتظار کروں؟ |
| Don’t we play cricket at night? | کیا ہم رات کو کرکٹ نہیں کھیلتے؟ |
Second Person
| Do you hear the music? | کیا آپ موسیقی سنتے ہیں؟ |
| Do you go to the beach every summer? | کیا آپ ہر موسم گرما میں ساحل سمندر پر جاتے ہیں؟ |
Third Person
| Does she know about him? | کیا وہ اس کے بارے میں جانتی ہے؟ |
| Does Ahmad go to the school by bus? | کیا احمد بس سے اسکول جاتا ہے؟ |
| Does it rain daily? | کیا روزانہ بارش ہوتی ہے؟ |
Also learn
Past Indefinite tense in Urdu
Importance and Uses
Therefore, we can see that there are many different ways in which present indefinite tense is used in English. In everyday phrases, it is often used as an action taking place at the present time, but there are other ways in which this tense can be utilized. It can also be used to convey a sense of timelessness and even expectation. Overall, this simple tense structure has a number of uses and variations which all add flavor to everyday conversations.
The past is behind us and cannot be influenced; the future is ahead of us and can be shaped. Understanding how to use each form of this tense will better prepare you for success in any studies or courses you pursue.